Steam plant



Aug. 31 1926.

J- B. STANWOOD STEAM PLANT Filed Dec. 1. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Maw ATTO/P/VfK Aug. 31 1926. 1,597,872

J. B. STANWOOD STEAM PLANT Filed Dec. 1, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

c C C I M@@ 605 9gp- A rra/m fx Patented Aug. 31, 1926.

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ATEN'E JAMES B. STANWOOID, OF CINCINIYATI; 011-110, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMEHTS, TO THE STANWOOD CORPORATION, O1 CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPOBATION'OF OI- IIO.

S IfEAM A pl cat n. e llc em en My. invention relates to improvements in steam plants comprising a steam boiler. and furnace of the down -draft type.

Some of theobjects ofthe; invention-are to provide such a combinationof elementsas Willensure a steam, plant that, is cheap, sim-. ple and durable and that is. economical to operate because ofthe very complete combustion of the fuel and efficient means for conducting the generated heatto the water in the boiler.

Another object of my invention is to provide. positive means for quickly inducingand maintaining, circulation of. water thru the. boiler and the. forward. connections, thereof in the, furnace, givinglow stack temperatures with one, pass of the gases through the tubes, and resulting in increasedeconomy and eff ciency i Anotherobjectfof my invention is to provide a steam plant of maximum efficiency. which requires a greatly reduced, vertical space. When used for heating only, or both, for heating and power, ,as inottice or power buildings, a saving offromQ to 4 feet may be. made in the height of the sub-basement where the steam, plant is installed.

In the particular embodiment of my. in-v vention selected for. i1lustration, which is. the best form, known to me Figure. 1, is a vertical axial-section thru the steam plant and Fig. 2, is across-section on the, ,line..2 2. of Fig. 1- as tho the apparatus was there shown in full.

Referring now to the drawings, A is the shell of a cylindrical, horizontal fire. tube, boiler extended.forwardly beyond thev front head at to form a firebox casing A I The boiler has a,backheada. an .firetubes a and "is of the usual typeexcept in two particulars. Toward ,the bottomof the front; head ortube sheet av are one or more .openings a for water outlet connections 0; and. toward the top the front head is protruded or otherwise shaped to forma shoulder, (1. whose front surface isat rigl'itangles to in.. let connections 0 hereinafter more fully. de scribed. There is, the usual, steanr-spa ce above the tubes 0L, and agenel'ous-waters ace, below these tubes, as shown in Fig.1; his ample space below the fire tuhes a}. secures,

. bar 0 to facilitate calki-n mane.

1, SeriaLNo. 519,176.

two distinct. advantages, first, a spacious chamber is provided at the lowest point of the boiler. in which mud, scale and otherprecipitates can settle, so that the. shell; is not exposed to heatand the shellplates cannot, be t aggg ed nor the seams cracked; and second,- it gi ves a widelaneof low frictional resistance for the complete secondary circula tion of the water on its way backfrom the back. heado to the front head a.

The furnace is linedovith fire brickb. or othen refractory material, except at. the top where an arch key membenB preferably made, of-cast iron,in sectionsv is used. Cast. iron may be used because; the heat is not great at the-top of this furnace. This archkey member has longitudinal air-chambers 6- to which air from without the furnace is admitted thru the damper b and passages. Z23. Erom these. chambers b the air'pass'es into the furnace thru the openingsbjt- Th-ru zoneor more pipes c fitted into one'or more-outlet-openings a of the boiler, water flows into the manifold C; and water flows from the. manifold back into. the; boiler at the shoulder a? thru a plurality ofwater-tubes at which form, grate-bars, upon. which the burningfuellies. I-prefer thatthe tubesc should be sloping, to facilitate circulation as shown.

A bar, 6 preferably angular, placed horizontally across :the furnace above the. watertuhe grate-bars 0 forms a support for re-.

fractory baffle. bricks :orrti-les b, which together form a transverse Wall across the fur.- nace improving, the combustion. by facilitating a morecomplete mixing of the gases.

evolved from. the burning fuel. Lower secondary grate-bars b areaof any. usual construction.

The manifold isprovidedwith a plug 0 oppositeethe endiof each water tube grate cleaning, and re moval.

The manifold is provided ion its ends with. hand-hole plates 0 to, facilitate cleanmgiout theinterior. The manifold extends thrusthe liningbricksb an d;.shellA- to sustain the weight of the manifold, at the same time. allowingfor such movement as is necessary for expansion and contraction.

An. important feature of my. inveutionzis:

the furnace, which instead of being built in is substantially entirely in front of the boiler construction. By locating it up in front of the boiler shell three beneficial results are obtained; first, it eliminates the usual steel firebox which forms an integral part of most boilers, thus avoiding crown-sheets, mudlegs and stay-bolts; second, this location relative to the boiler shell enables the overall vertical height of the boiler as well as the height of the water line in the boiler to be very low, a most desirable featurein many heating plants particularly where head room is restricted; third, it enables the delivery ends of the water-tubes e to be placed just above the fire-tubes a 'and also very near to the water line where the ejected water from them induces-the secondary current. The operation is as follows: The burning fuel rests upon the water-tube grate-bars c and-fresh air enters the furnace'chamber from aboi e thru damper b passages 6 chambers 6 and openings 1), passes down thruthe bed of fuel andjbetween the gratebars ci heating them and thewater in them to a high temperature. The hot gases then j pass on into the interior of the furnace beboiler, and water from the lower part of the boiler enters the pipe 0 and passes thruthe manifold C to the water-tube grate bars c This movement of the water causes the water in the boiler to flow backward at the Water line over the fire tubes to the back head a v of the boiler, then downward and then forward along the bottom of the;boiler towardsthe front head a at the opening a completing the circuit. 7 Obviously many changes could be made in the apparatus without departing from the spirit of my invention, and all forms of such an apparatus that may fall within the scope of my claims are within the scope of my invention. I i Y I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States: 1. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the water space of which is substan= tially all back of the furnace and the fire tubes of which com'municatecattheir front ends directly with the furnace, a water outlet extending from the lower part of the boiler through the furnace, a water tube grate in the furnace which opens into the upper part of the boiler, and means for distributing the water from said outlet to the tubes of said grate.

2. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the Water space of which is substantially all'back of the furnace, and the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace, a water outlet extending from the. lower part of the boiler into the furnace, and a primary grate in the furnace comprising pipes connected with to receive water from said waterfoutlet which primarygrate pipes are substantially straight and enter the boiler near the upper part thereof.

3. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at theirfront ends directly with the furnace, a water outlet extending from the lower part of the tube sheet of the boiler into the furnace substantially in line with the hottom. of'the boiler, and a'primary grate in the"v furnace .comprising'pipes connect '85 outlet, which primary grate pipes enter ed with to receivewater from said water the front tube sheetof the boiler above the fire tubes and near the water line.

down draft furnace, a horizontal. fire tube boiler the fire tubes of whlch communicate at theirfront ends directly with the furnace, "a water outlet extending from the lower part of the tube sheet of the boiler into the furnace substantially in line with the bottom of the boiler, and a primary grate in the furnace comprising pipes connected'with to receive water from said water outlet, which primary gratev pipes are substantially straight and enter the boiler near the normal water line thereof.

boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace,

a .water outlet extending from the lower part of the boiler into the furnace substantially in line with the bottom. of the boiler,

a manifold inthe furnace to which the water outlet 1s connected, and water tubes constituting the primary grate of the furnace which extend from said manifold to and,

through the tube sheet of the boiler.

6. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the. fire tubes of which communicateat their front ends directly with the furnace, a water outlet extending from the lower part of the boiler into the furnace substantially in linefwith the bottom of the boiler, a; manifold in the furnace to which the water outletis connected, and water tubes constituting the primary grate of the furnace which extend from said manifold in an upwardly inclined direction to and through the tube sheet of the boiler.

7 In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the fire tubes of-which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace,

i. In a steam plant, the combinationof water outlet is connected, and water tubes constituting the primary grate of the fur nace WlllCh "extend from said manifold in an upwardly inclined direction to and through iii) the tube sheet of the boiler above the fire tubes and below the normal water line of the boiler.

8. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace, and a water circulating system consisting only of the following elements, towit: a water outlet from the lower part of the boiler substantially in line with the bottom of theboiler, a manifold with which the water outlet is connected, and a single series of substantially parallel water pipes constituting the primary grate of the furnace extending from said manifold directly to the u 3 er art of the boiler.

9. n a steam plant, the combination of a horizontal fire-tube boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace, a furnace located substantially entirely in front of said boiler, water tubes in the furnace directly entering the front head of the boiler below and near its water lin and suitable connections from said boiler to connect a. lower front part thereof, with said water tubes; so that a primary current of water through said water tubes developed by heat in the furnace induces a secondary current of water above said fire-tubes from front to rear and below said fire-tubes from rear to front in the mass of water in the boiler, this secondary current forming a complete circuit through said boiler, watentubes and connections' 10. In a steam plant, the combination of a horizontal fire-tube boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace, a furnace located substantially entirely in front of said boiler, water tubes in the furnace directly entering the front head of the boiler below and near its water line and suitable connections from a lower part of the front head of said boiler to connect with said water tubes; so that a primary current of water through said water tubes developed by heat in the furnace induces a secondary current of water above said fire-tubes from front to rear and below said fire-tubes from rear to front in the mass of water in the boiler, this secondary current forming a complete circuit through-said boiler, water tubes and connections.

11. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the water space of which is substantially all backoftli-e furnace amt-the fire tabesef which communicate at "theirfront ends directly with the furnace, a water outlet'ex tending in totl'ie f-ti-rn ace from the lower part of the boiler, and a primary water tube grate inthe furnace comprising SLlflO} stantiallybtra ight pipes connected with said water outlet and extending to and through the tube sheet near the normal water line of the boiler.

12. In a steam plant, the combination of a down draft furnace, a horizontal fire tube boiler the water space of which is substantially all back ofthe furnace and the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace, a water out let extending into-the furnace from the lower part of the boiler, and a primary water tube grate in the furnace comprising substantially straight pipes which are connected with the water outlet and extend in a diagonally upward direction to the tube sheet ends directly with the furnace, a water outlet extending into the furnace from the lower part of the boiler, a primary water tube grate in the furnace comprising substantially straight pipes which are connected with the water outlet and extend in a diagonally upward direction to the tube sheet of the boiler near the normal water line of V the boiler, and a secondary grate, without water ducts, arranged between the primary grate and said water outlet.

14.. In combination with a furnace and a horizontal fire tube boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace, the water space of which is substantially all back of the furnace, water tubes located within the furnace and connected directly into the front tube sheet of the boiler below the normal water level thereof and above the fire tubes so as to project streams of heated water into the end of the boiler in such a direction as to cause water near the top of the boiler to flow substantially horizontally backwardly therein and means disposed substantially in line with the bottom of the boiler for withdrawing water from the lower part of the boiler and causing the same to pass into said water tubes. I

15. In combination with a furnace and a horizontal fire tube boiler the fire tubes of which communicate at their front ends directly with the furnace and the water space of which is substantially all back of the furnace, water tubes located in the furnace extending to and thru the front tube sheet of the boiler and so arranged as tolproject substantially horizontal streams of heated- Waterinto the end of the boiler near the normal wvater level of the boiler and. in a vdisubstantially. in line with the bottom of the boilerjor ithdrawing Water from a lower part'of the boiler and causing same to passinto said Water tubes; 7

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand. i l

JAMES B. VSTANWOOD. 

